英語で味わう狂歌 大田南畝-106
Enjoying Kyoka in English: Nanpo Ota-106
函谷間(ｶﾝｺｸｸﾜﾝ)*
にはとりの 宵鳴(ﾖｲﾅ)きもほど 過(ｽｷﾞ)し比(ｺﾛ) 棒ちぎり木(ﾓｯ)て** せきに関守(ｾｷﾓﾘ)***
四方赤良（大田南畝）
At the crowing of a cock at the Pass in the evening early,
The guard comes back to the position with a wooden club in a hurry.
Yomono Akara (Nanpo Ohta)
* 函谷間 – 中国河南省にあった関所(関塞)
Hangu Pass – barrier at Henan Province, China
** 棒ちぎり(木) – 護身用の棒
wooden club for self-protection
*** せき(急き); 急(ｾ)く haste; hurry; in a hurry
関守(ｾｷﾓﾘ); barrier keeper
(コメント; Comment)
函谷間の戦い(298B.C.)は、戦国時代で秦を攻撃した合従軍の最後の戦いだった。それ以降、六国は秦の併合に抵抗することができず、秦が六国を統一した(中華統一)。中国故事、歴史に題をとり、巧みに表現した。
The battle of Hangu Pass (298 B.C.) was the last war against Qin by the Six Nations. After that, they were unable to rebel against and was acquired by Qin. The first integration of China. Taking up a legendary historical event from ancient China, Nanpo skillfully depicted the likely situation at Hangu Pass.
(注) 狂歌(きょうか)とは、風刺、皮肉、しゃれ、 滑稽を盛り込んだ5-7-5-7-7形式の短歌。江戸時代後期(18世紀後半)に隆盛し、天明狂歌として黄金期を迎える。大田南畝(蜀山人 ｼｮｸｻﾝｼﾞﾝ; 1749-1823)は、その代表的文人、狂歌師。
Note: Kyoka is satirical, ironical or comical short Japanese poem, derived from Tanka, composed of 31 syllables, with a pattern of 5-7-5-7-7 sounds. It flourished and marked a golden age in the late Edo period in the late 18th century as Tenmei Kyoka. Ota Nampo, Shokusanjin (1749-1823), is one of the leading Kyoka poets.
by Kota Nakako
2024/03/14
